|
\_n\nµbpsS tNmZyt]¸dpWvSm¡nbbmÄ
sNbvXXv `mcXob kaqlt¯mSpw aX\nct]£XtbmSpapÅ \oNhpw \nIrjvShpamb ]mXIamsW¦nÂ
AXpsNbvXbmfpsS I¿dp¯v {]XnIcn¨hÀ sNbvXXv `mcXob kaql¯n\v sam¯¯nepw apkvenwIÄ¡v
{]tXyIambpw s]mdp¡m³ \nÀÆmlanÃm¯ \mep Xcw sImSpw ]mXI§fmWv. \nbahyhØsb
shÃphnfn¡pI; aäp aXkaql§Ä apkvenw kapZmbs¯ shdp¡p¶ AhØ krjvSn¡pI; Ckvemans\
XakvIcn¡m³ {ian¡p¶hÀ¡v Bbp[§Ä \ÂIpI; CkvemanI {]t_m[\¯n\v XSbnSphm\mhiyamb
kmaqly kmlNcyw krjvSn¡pI. ImcpWyaqÀ¯nbmb AÃmlphn \n¶v AhXcn¡s¸« hnip²JpÀB\nÂ
\n¶pw temI§Äs¡Ãmw ImcpWyambn \ntbmKn¡s¸« apl½Zv \_n(k)bn \n¶pw Ckvemans\ ]Tn¨hÀs¡m¶pw
Cu sImSpw ]mXI§Ä¡v Ignbnsöpd¸mWv. AXp sNbvXhÀ apkvenw t]cpÅhcmsW¦n AhÀ ]Tn¨
Ckvemw JpÀB\pw \_nhN\§fpw apt¶m«psh¡p¶ Ckvemasöv kv]jvSw. {]amW§fn \n¶sænÂ
]ns¶sbhnsS\n¶mWv A¯c¡mÀ¡v aXhpw aXmthihpw e`n¡p¶sX¶v Xncn¨dnbpIbpw AhnsS ZmÀi\nIamb
{]Xntcm[w XoÀ¡pIbpamWv `oIcXsb sNdp¯v apkvenw bphXsb BßlXymap\¼pIfn \n¶v c£s¸Sp¯Wsa¶v
BßmÀYambn B{Kln¡p¶hÀ H¶maXmbn sNt¿WvSsX¶v hyàam¡p¶hbmWv ssIsh«epw A\p_Ô
kw`h§fpsaÃmw.
P\m[n]Xyhpw aX\nct]£Xbpsa¶ ASnØm\ aoamwkIfn \nÀan¡s¸« C´ysb¶ cmjv{S¯n\v AXnsâ `cWLS\bpw
\oXn\nÀÆlW kwhn[m\§fpapWvSv. \nba\nÀamW k`bpw \oXn\ymb hn`mKhpw \nba\nÀÆlW
hIp¸paS§p¶ \oXn\nÀÆlW kwhn[m\§Ä¡v hnt[bcmbn Pohn¡m³ Hmtcm C´y³ ]uc\pw _m[yØ\mWv.
hyànItfm hn`mK§tfm D]hn`mK§tfm kz´ambn \oXn\nÀÆlWw FsäSp¯m AXphgn hym]Iamb
Ipg¸§fpw Iem]§fpamWpWvSmhpI. AcmPIXzam{Kln¡m¯ BÀ¡pw Xs¶ A¯csamcp AhØsb A\pIqen¡phmt\m
\ymboIcn¡phmt\m IgnbnÃ. hyànt¡m hn`mK¯nt\m D]hn`mK¯nt\m \oXn e`n¡msX hcp¶
AhØIfn `cWLS\¡\pkrXambn \n¶psImWvSv A¯cw AhØIfnÃmsXbm¡phm³ ]cn{ian¡pIbmWv
sNt¿WvSXv; AXÃmsX Bcpw \nbaw I¿nseSp¯pIqSm. CkvemanI cmjv{S kwhn[m\w \nbaw
I¿nseSp¡p¶Xns\ ImWpI "^nXv\'(Ipg¸w)bmbn«mWv. ""Ipg¸w sImetb¡mÄ `bm\IamWv''
(2:191) F¶mWv JpÀB³ ]Tn¸n¡p¶Xv. CkvemanIcmjv{S¯nepÅ HcmÄ \_n (k)sb \nµn¡pIbpw
AXns\Xncn cmjv{Skwhn[m\w \nba\S]SnIsfSp¡pIbpw sNbvXpsImWvSncn¡p¶Xn\nSbnÂ
Bsc¦nepsamcmÄ \_n\nµIs\ ssIImcyw sN¿pIbmsW¦n A§s\ sNbvXhÀs¡Xnsc ISp¯ \S]SnIfmWpWvSmhpI.
IpähmfnIÄs¡Xnsc in£ hn[nt¡WvSXv cmPys¯ \oXn\ymbhn`mKhpw AXp \S¸mt¡WvSXv \nba\nÀÆlW
hIp¸pamWv. \nbaw I¿nseSp¡m³ ]uc·msc A\phZn¡p¶ cmjv{Skwhn[m\§sfm¶pw Xs¶bnÃ.
tNmZy¡Semknse \_n\nµs¡Xnsc tIcf s]meokv tIskSp¡pIbpw At\zjWw \S¡pIbpw sN¿p¶Xn\nS¡mWv
\nIrjvSamb ssIsh«pkw`hapWvSmbXv. tIcf kÀ¡mcnse D¯chmZs¸«hcpw \nbahnimcZcpw
cmjv{Sob t\Xm¡fpw kmwkvImcnI\mbI·mcpw t]meokv ta[mhnIfpsaÃmw tNZy¡Semkv \_n\nµsb
A]e]n¡pIbpw AXv tIcfob kaql¯n\v Xs¶ \mWt¡SmsW¶v {]kvXmhn¡pIbpw sNbvXncp¶p. hÃmsX
]oUn¸n¡s¸SpIbpw A\oXn \nXykw`hamhpIbpw sN¿pt¼mÄ \nbaw I¿nseSp¡p¶ AhØbpWvSmIp¶psh¶
"`oIchmZ\ymboIcW'¯n\p t]mepw C¡mcy¯n ]gpXpIsfm¶papWvSmbncp¶nÃ. \nbaw AXv
t]mtIWvS hgn¡pXs¶ \o§ns¡mWvSncn¡p¶Xn\nSbnembncp¶p ssIsh«v {IqcX Act§dnbXv. `mcXob\oXn\nÀÆlW
kwhn[m\§sfÃmw apkvenwhncp²hpw \yq\]£ t{Zml¯ne[njvTnXhpamsW¶ ]Xnhv ]Ãhn
BhÀ¯n¡phm³ `oIcÀ¡pw Ahsc hfÀ¯p¶ am[ya§Ä¡pw AhkcanÃmXmbn¯ocp¶ AhØbnte¡v Imcy§Ä \o§p¶Xn\nSbnemWv
Cu \nIrjvS IrXyapWvSmbXv. \nbahmgvNtbmSpÅ tIhe shÃphnfn am{XaÃ, \nbahmgvNsb
kwibn¨psImWvSv am{Xw Pohn¡p¶hcmbn apkvenwIsf B¡n¯oÀ¯v AhcpsS a\Ên `oIchmZ¯nsâ
hn¯p apf¸n¡pIsb¶ e£yt¯mSp IqSnbpÅ IS¶pIbäamWnXv. cmjv{Shncp²hpw \nbahncp²hpw
am{XaÃ, \yq\]£hncp²hpw apkvenw hncp²hpw IqSnbmWo \oNIrXysa¶v ]dbp¶Xv
CXpsImWvSmWv.
C´ybnse s]mXpapkvenw ]XnXmhØbn \n¶v Gsd hyXykvXamWv tIcf¯nse apkvenwIfpsS ØnXn.
P\m[n]Xycmjv{S¯n F§s\ AhImikwc£WamImsa¶v kzX{´ym\´capÅ Ac \qämWvSpsImWvSv {]mtbmKnIambn
ImWn¨psImSp¯hcmWv tIcfapkvenwIÄ. hnip²JpÀB\ns\bpw Xncpkp¶¯ns\bpw amXrImtbmKycpw
{]hmNI{]iwk¡v ]m{Xambhcpamb BZyaq¶p XeapdIÄ a\Ênem¡nbXpt]mse a\Ênem¡pIbpw {]tbmKh¡cn¡pIbpw
sN¿Wsa¶v ]Tn¸n¡p¶ apkvenw \thm°m\ {]Øm\w Xo{hhmZ¯ntet¡m PoÀWXbnset¡m hgpXnt¸mIm\\phZn¡msX
apkvenw kapZmbs¯ _p²n]cambn \bn¡pIbmbncp¶p. cmjv{Sob{]Øm\§fpw hnZym`ymkkwLS\IfpsaÃmw
tIcfob apkvenw kaql¯nsâ khntijamb hyXncnàXbv¡v AhcptSXmb kw`mh\IÄ \ÂIn.
BZÀi]camb hyXncnàX ]peÀ¯ns¡mWvSpXs¶, kaql¯nsâ sam¯¯nepÅ ]ptcmKXn¡mhiyapÅ
bÚ§fnepw s]mXp{]iv\§fnepw AapkvenwIfpambn ssItImÀ¯p ]nSn¨psImWvSv apt¶m«p t]mbXp
sImWvSp IqSnbmWv tIcf apkvenwIÄ¡v ]ecwK¯pw apt¶dphm³ IgnªXv. tIcfobcpsS
s]mXp`mjsb kz´w`mjbmbn sXcsªSp¯Xp aqew sshÚm\nIhn\nab¯n\pw aäpaX¡mcpambpÅ
BZÀi]camb kwthZ\¯n\pw A§s\ ]ckv]cw sXän²cn¡m¯ Hcp AhØ kwPmXam¡phm\pw apkvenw
kapZmb¯n\v km[n¨p. aebmfa®n DbÀ¶p\n¡p¶ apkvenw ]ÅnIfpw a{ZkIfpw
Ad_nt¡mtfPpIfpw b¯owJm\Ifpw AKXnaµnc§fpw CkvemanI {]t_m[\tI{µ§fpsam¶pw A\yaXØsc
D]{Zhn¨psImtWvSm AhcpsS shdp¸v k¼mZn¨p sImtWvSm DWvSm¡nsbSp¯hbÃ. DbÀ¶p\n¡p¶ ]ÅnIfpw
Øm]\§fpw NqWvSn¡mWn¨v `qcn]£hÀKobXbnte¡v kaqls¯ {]tem`n¸n¡phm\pÅ t_m[]qÀÆamb ]cn{ia§Ä¡v
\nÊlIcW¯neqsSbpw AhKW\bneqsSbpw adp]Sn \ÂIpIbmWv `qcn]£kapZmb¯nse alm`qcn]£hpw
sNbvXXv. \_n\nµbpsS tNmZy¡Semkns\bpw Ahtlf\¯nsâ anj\dn ]pkvXIs¯bpw tIcfob kaqlw
]pÑt¯mSpIqSn t\m¡n¡WvSXn\p ]n¶n \½psS \m«n \mfpIfmbn \ne\n¡p¶ ]ckv]ckvt\l¯nsâbpw
klhÀ¯n¯¯nsâbpw kzm[o\apWvSmbncp¶p. Ahsb FÃmhcpw Häs¡«mbn FXnÀ¡pIbmWv sNbvXXv. \_nsb
Ahtlfn¡p¶ cN\IÄs¡Xnsc aXþcmjv{Sob hyXymkanÃmsX FÃmhcpw Htc kzc¯n {]XnIcn¡pIbmbncp¶p.
aX{]t_m[\sa¶m almhyànXz§sf sXdn ]dbpIbmsW¶v IcpXp¶ GXm\pw anj\dnamcpw AhcpsS
XWen Pohn¡p¶ bpànhmZnt]\bp´nIfpw `qcn]£hÀKobXsb PmKcwsImÅn¡m³ Ahkcw ]mÀ¯p \n¡p¶hcpw
am{Xambncp¶p CXn\v A]hmZw. \_n\nµbneqsS apkvenwIsf {]tIm]n¸n¨v Imcy§Ä t\Smsa¶v
IcpXnbhÀ \ncmicmbn; tIcfobs]mXpkaql¯nsâ {]XnIcWw AhÀ¡v Xncn¨Snbmbn. \_n\nµtbmSv
A{IamkàaÃm¯ coXnbn {]XnIcn¡pIbpw {]Xntj[n¡pIbpw sNbvX apkvenwIÄ¡\pIqeambn tIcf
ssltImSXn hn[n ]pds¸Sphn¨p. FÃmhcpw apkvenwIfpsS hnImct¯msSm¸w \n¡pIbpw \nba\S]SnIÄ¡v
B¡apWvSmhpIbpw sNbvX kµÀ`¯nemWv ssIsh«v \mSIapWvSmbXv. AtXmsS ØnXnKXnIÄ amdnadªp.
tIcfob s]mXpkaqlw apkvenwIsf shdp¡p¶ AhØbnte¡v Imcy§Ä \o§nt¸mIpsa¶ AhØbpWvSmbn.
apkvenw kwLS\IsfÃmw Htc kzc¯n Cu IncmXXz¯ns\Xnsc {]XnIcn¨n«pw Nne am[ya§Ä CXv
Ckvemansâbpw apkvenwIfpsSbpw ta NmÀ¯phm³ {ian¨psImWvSncn¡p¶p. XmSnbpw
\akvImc¯g¼pw apX kemw ]dbepw \akvIcn¡epw hsc `oIcXbpsS NnÓ§fm¡n¯oÀ¡m\pÅ {ia§Ä!
]ckv]capÅ shdp¸pw hntZzjhpamWv CXnsâsbÃmw ^ew. s]mXpkaql¯m apkvenwIÄ shdp¡s¸Sp¶
ØnXn! CXp krjvSn¡phm³ Iq«p\n¶hÀ Bcmbmepw AhÀ Ckvemansâ an{X§fÃ; apkvenw
kapZmb¯nsâ KpWImw£nIfpaÃ. Ckvemansâ bYmÀY BZÀihpambn AhÀ¡v _Ôsam¶panÃ. kz´w
BZÀit¯msS¦nepw AhÀ¡v BßmÀYXbpw AXv Xpd¶p ]dbphm\pÅ BÀPhhpapsWvS¦n ""R§fmWv
ssIh«p \mSI¯nse A`nt\Xm¡Ä'' F¶v {]Jym]n¨v s]mXpkaql¯n {]Xy£s¸SpIbmWv sNt¿WvSXv.
AXv sN¿msX Ccp«nsâ adhnencn¡p¶hÀ¡v BZÀihpw BßmÀYXbpw BÀPhhpanÃ; X§Ä sNbvXXv
GsäSp¡phm\pÅ ss[cyw t]mepanÃm¯hcmWv \nc]cm[nIÄ th«bmSs¸Sp¶psWvS¦n AXnsâ
D¯chmZnIÄ.
Ckvemans\ sXän²cn¸n¡phm\pw XakvIcn¡phm\papÅ ]cn{ia§Ä F¡me¯papWvSmbn«pWvSv.
kXyaX¯ntâXÃm¯ BZÀi§Ä AXnt·Â Btcm]n¨psImWvSmWv ]et¸mgpw hnaÀi\§Ä \S¶phcmdpÅXv.
C¯c¯nepÅ Hcp ]pXnb Btcm]WamWv Ckvemw `oIcXbmsW¶ Btcm]Ww. \nc]cm[nIsfm¶pw
h[n¡s¸«pIqsS¶v \njvIÀjn¡p¶ JpÀB\pw ]¨¡cfpÅ PohnItfmsSÃmw IcpWImWn¡Wsa¶v ]Tn¸n¡p¶
\_nhN\§fpw ASnØm\{]amW§fmbpÅ Ckveman\v `oIcXsb ]Tn¸n¡m\mhnsöpd¸mWv.
ssZhZÃmf·mcmb ]ptcmlnX·mÀ¡v BXaobXbpw kpJt`mKhnXcW¡mcmb It¼mf¡mÀ¡v `uXnIXbpw ]Ip¯v
\n¡p¶XneqsS a\pjysc Bßobhpw `uXnIhpambn NqjWw sN¿msa¶v IcpXp¶hcpsS IchncpXpIÄ¡v
hg§m¯ Ckvemans\ `oIcXbpsS Ip¸mban«v AhXcn¸n¡p¶Xn\p ]n¶n AXns\ sXän²cn¸n¡pIbpw
XakvIcn¡pIbpw am{Xaà i{Xp¡fpsS e£yw; {]XypX aoUnbbneqsS "Ckvemw `oIcXbmWv' F¶v "sXfnhp'IfpsS
AI¼SntbmsS BhÀ¯n¨v ]Tn¸n¡s¸«m {]iv\]cnlmc¯n\v `oIc{]hÀ¯\aÃmsX amÀKansöv
apkvenw bphX a\Ênem¡pIbpw Ahsc BßlXymap\¼neqsS \bn¨v Iem]ImcnIfm¡n¯oÀ¡m³
IgnbpIbpw sN¿psa¶mWv AhcpsS IW¡pIq«Â. Ckvemw {]mIrXhpw {IqchpamsW¶v Øm]n¡p¶Xn\mbn
i{Xp¡Ä FSp¯p²cn¡p¶ IAv_p_n\p Ajvd^ns\bpw A_qdm^nACs\bpw JmenZp_v\p kp^vbm\ns\bpw
Akvam_n³Xv aÀhm\ns\bpw h[n¡phm³ {]hmNI³ (k) IÂ]n¨ kw`h§sfÃmw Xs¶ \S¶Xv
CkvemanIcmjv{S¯nemsW¶pw cmjv{S¯ns\Xnsc KqU{]hÀ¯\§Ä \S¯pIbpw cmjv{St\mXmhns\
sImÃm³ Blzm\w sN¿pIbpw \m«n hym]Iamb Iem]§fpWvSm¡phm³ t{]cn¸n¡pIbpw sNbvXXn\v
Chsc h[n¡phm³ cmjv{St\XrXzw Bhiys¸SpIbmWv sNbvXsX¶papÅXmWv hkvXpX. ImcpWy¯nsâ
aXamb Ckvemans\ hnIrXambn AhXcn¸n¡phm³ Ncn{X¯n \n¶v kw`h§sf ASÀ¯nsbSp¡pIbpw
kµÀ`s¯ hnIeam¡pIbpw sNbvXpsImWvSv i{Xp¡Ä AhXcn¸n¡p¶ kw`h§sf X§fpsS sNbvXnIsf \ymboIcn¡phm\mbn
ssIsh«v kwL¯nsâ \ymboIcWhnZKvZ·mÀ hnaÀiIÀ AhXcn¸n¡p¶ AtX kv]ncntämSp IqSn FgpXn
kaÀYn¡p¶Xp ImWpt¼mÄ Ahcpw \_n\nµIcpsaÃmw Htc t{kmXÊn \n¶v DuÀÖapÄs¡mÅp¶hcmsW¶v
kpXcmw hyàamhp¶pWvSv. BcpsSbpw ssI¿pw Imepw sh«phm\mbn AhXcn¸n¡s¸« aXaà Ckvemw.
\ioIcWaà AXnsâ e£yw, \nÀamWamWv. Xs¶ B«ntbmSn¨ XzmC^pImÀ¡v am¸psImSp¯ {]hNI\nÂ
\n¶mWv apkvenwIÄ aXw ]Tn¡p¶Xv. hn«phogvbpsS aIptSmZmlcWw. kvt\l¯nsâbpw
ImcpWy¯nsâbpw BÄ cq]w. apl½Zv \_n (k)sb hnaÀin¨hÀ At±l¯nsâ A\pbmbnIfmbn¯oÀ¶Xv
At±lw ]cpj{]IrXnbpÅh\mbncp¶XpsImWvSÃ; {]XypX kvt\l\n[nbmbXpsImWvSmWv. apl½Zv \_n(k)sb
\nµn¡pIbpw sIm¶pIfbm\mbn hmfpbÀ¯pIbpw sNbvX DaÀ(d) apX At±l¯ns\Xnsc bp²§Ä \bn¨
A_qkp^vbm³(d) hscbpw A´na{]hmNI³ hfsc {]bmks¸« DlvZnse BZys¯ ]cmPb¯nsâ kq{X[mc\mbncp¶
JmenZp_v³ heoZv(d) apXÂ At±ls¯bpw IpSpw_s¯bpw sXdnhnfn¨psImWvSv DlvZneqsS A½m\amSnb
lnµv(d) hscbpapÅhÀ Ckvemansâ sImSn¡ognse¯nbXv kXyaX¯nsâ BZÀi]camb ImcpWyw
sImWvSpw A´na{]hmNIsâ(k) DÂIrjvS kz`mhw sImWvSpambncp¶p. Ckvemans\bpw {]hmNIs\bpw(k)
\nµn¨ ChÀs¡Xnsc h[{ia§Ä \S¯pItbm KdnÃIsf hn«v AhcpsS AwKhntÑZ\w \S¯pItbm AÃ
{]hmNI³(k) sNbvXXv, {]XypX, kXyaX {]t_m[\¯neqsS AhcpsS a\ÊpIsf IogS¡pIbmWv. Xs¶
{]bmks¸Sp¯pIbpw \nµn¡pIbpw sNbvXhcpsSsbÃmw ssI¿pw Imepw sh«n¡fbphm\pw AhÀ
sNbvXXns\Ãmw F®nsb®n ]Icw tNmZn¡phm\pw Ignbp¶ kµÀ`apWvSmbncp¶p \_n(k)¡v, a¡m
hnPbthfbnÂ. IAv_meb¯n\p Npäpw AWn\nc¶ncp¶ i{Xp¡Ä¡v am¸p\ÂIn Ncn{X¯n XpeyXbnÃm¯
hn[¯n hn«phogvN¡v amXrI ImWn¨ apl½Zv \_n(k)bpsS PohnXhpw ktµihpw ]n³XpScp¶
apkvenwIÄ¡v ssIsh«v `oIcXsb \ymboIcn¡m\mhnÃ. IAv_p_v\p Ajvd^ns\ apX AkvamAv
_n³¯v aÀhm³ hscbpÅhsc h[n¡phm\pÅ CkvemanI cmjv{S¯nsâ Xeh\mbncp¶ apl½Zv \_n(k)bpsS
IÂ]\bpw \_n\nµ \S¯nbbmfpsS ssIsh«n \nbas¯ ssI¿nseSp¯v AcmPIXzw krjvSn¡p¶ `oIccpsS
sNbvXnIfpw XmcXay¯n\v t]mepw sImÅm¯hbmWv. A§s\ XmcXayw sN¿p¶hcpsS t{kmXÊv JpÀB\pw
\_nNcybpaÃ, {]XypX Ckvemansâ i{Xp¡fpsS cN\IfmWv. Ckvemans\ sXän²cn¸n¡pIbpw
XakvIcn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶hÀ¡v Bbp[§Ä \ÂIpIbmWv ssIsh«v {]XnImc¯nsâ hàm¡Ä sN¿p¶Xv. C§s\
Bbp[§Ä \ÂIp¶hÀ kvt\ln¡p¶Xv Ckvemans\bmsW¶v IcpXphm³ \nÀÆmlanÃ.
XoPzme¡cnInencp¶v, B Pzmebn BIrjvScmbn AXnte¡v ]d¶Sp¡pIbpw A§ns\ AXnt·Â X«n
I¯n¨m¼emhpIbpw sN¿p¶ ]mäIsf B«nbIäns¡mWvSncn¡p¶ HcmtfmSv apl½Zv \_n (k) Xs¶
D]an¡pIbpWvSmbn; \cI¯nte¡v HmSnbSp¯psImWvSncn¡p¶ a\pjyk©bs¯ AXn \n¶p
B«nbIäns¡mWvSncn¡pIbmWv Xm³ F¶mWv \_n(k) Cu D]asb hniZoIcn¨psImWvSv ]dªXv. \cI¯nÂ
\n¶v a\pjysc c£n¡phm³ {ian¨ {]hmNI·mcn A´na\mWv apl½Zv \_n(k).
k·mÀtKm]tZi§fneqsSbmWv At±lw P\§sf kXy¯nte¡pw A§s\ kzÀK¯nte¡pw \bn¨Xv. apl½Zv \_n(k)
kXyaX {]t_m[\ ZuXyw Xsâ A\pNc·msc G¸n¨psImWvSmWv CltemI¯p\n¶v bm{XbmbXv. hnip²
JpÀB\pw Xncpkp¶¯pamIp¶ {]amW§Ä apdpsI]nSn¨p sImWvSv \_n(k)bpsS A\pbmbnIÄ
kXyaX{]t_m[\w \nÀÆln¨p; AXn¶mbn AhÀ ]e \mSpIfnte¡pw bm{XsNbvXp. I¨hS¡mcmbn
tIcf¯nse¯nb BZyIme apkvenwIfpsS BZÀi¯nepw PohnXss\Àaey¯nepw BIrjvScmbn
ChnsSbpÅhÀ Ckvemw kzoIcn¨p. BZÀi{]t_m[\w \ne\n¶t¸msgÃmw P\w Ckvemans\¸än ]Tn¨p.
Ahcn ]ecpw Ckvemansâ XWense¯n. AXv Ncn{X¯nepS\ofw XpSÀ¶ph¶n«pÅXmWv. Ckvemansâ
BZÀi alna Bscbpw BIÀjn¡p¶XmsW¶v ]£]mXnIfÃm¯ _p²nPohnIÄ Xpd¶p]dªn«pÅXmWv.
CkvemanI {]t_m[\s¯ XSbnSphm\mbn hyXykvX§fmb X{´§Ä ]bäp¶hcmWv Ckvemansâ i{Xp¡Ä.
AXnsem¶mWv \_n(k)sb Ahtlfn¡pIsb¶Xv. kz´w Pohs\¡mf[nIw kvt\ln¡p¶ apl½Zv \_n(k)
Ahtlfn¡s¸Sp¶Xv apkvenwIÄ¡v kln¡m\mhnsöv i{Xp¡Ä¡dnbmw. \_n\nµbpWvSm¡pt¼mÄ Nne
apkvenwIsf¦nepw sshImcnIambn {]XnIcn¡pw. AXv Iem]am¡n¯oÀ¡phm\pw apkvenwIÄ
Iem]ImcnIfmsW¶v hcp¯n¯oÀ¡phm\papÅ X{´§sfÃmw Adnbp¶hcmWv i{Xp¡Ä. \à coXnbnÂ
kXyaX{]t_m[\w \S¡p¶ {]tZi§Ä Iem]IepjnXambn¯oÀ¶m ]ns¶ kpKaamb BZÀi{]NcWw \S¡nsöv
AhÀ¡dnbmw. AXp Xs¶bmWv AhcpsS e£yhpw. sXmSp]pgbnse \_n\nµm tNmZyt]¸dpw
Np¦¸mdbnse \_n Ahtlf\ anj\dn {KÙhpw ]pd¯ph¶t¸mÄ Xs¶ AXns\Xnsc {][ntj[apWvSmbn.
{]kvXpX {]Xntj[s¯ hnImc¯nte¡pw Iem]§fnte¡pw hgnXncn¨phnSphm\pÅ ]cn{ia§fpapWvSmbn.
F¶m apkvenw t\XrXz¯nsâbpw ]ÞnX·mcpsSbpw kµÀt`mNnXamb CSs]S ImcWw {]kvXpX ]cn{ia§Ä
hnPbn¨nÃ. kapZmbw \_n\nµsb \nba]cambn t\cn«p; AXv hnPb¯nte¡v t]mIp¶psh¶
AhØbpWvSmbn. apl½Zv \_n(k)sbbpw At±lw ]Tn¸n¨ BZÀis¯bpw ]cnNbs¸Sp¯phm\pÅ Ahkcambn
CkvemanI {]t_m[IÀ Cu kµÀ`s¯ D]tbmKs¸Sp¯n. \_nsbbpw Ckvemans\bpw ]cnNbs¸Sp¯p¶ ]pkvXI§fpw
eLpteJIfpw kuP\yambn hnXcWw sNbvXpw P\§Ä¡v sXän²mcW \o¡phm³ Xpd¶ kwhmZ§Ä
kwLSn¸n¨pw {]t_m[\cwKs¯ AhÀ kPoham¡n. kaql¯n On{ZXbpw {[phoIcWhpapWvSm¡phm³
\_n\nµm kw`h§sf D]tbmKn¡m³ {ian¨hÀ hnPbn¨nÃ. C¯csamcp kµÀ`¯nemWv ssIsh«v {]XnImcapWvSmIp¶Xv.
CkvemanI {]t_m[\¯n\v XSbnSpIsb¶ e£yt¯mSp IqSn cN\bpw kwhn[m\hpw \nÀÆln¡s¸« \_n\nµm\mSIw
]cmPbs¸«nS¯v AXnsâ {]XnIcW \mSIw hnPbns¨¶ AhØbmWpWvSmbns¡mWvSncn¡p¶Xv. BZÀi{]t_m[\s¯
kaqlhpw \nbaIqShpw \nÀÆlWhIp¸pw kwibt¯msS t\m¡p¶ AhØ. Ckvemansâ NnÓ§Ä t]dp¶hscÃmw
ssIsh«pImcpsS IqsSbmsW¶ cq]¯nepÅ {]XnIcW§Ä. CkvemanI {]t_m[\¯n\v
hne¡pIfpWvSmhWsa¶ i{Xp¡fpsS Bhiyw \nÀhln¡s¸Sp¶ kmlNcyamsW¶p tXm¶p¶p ssIsh«v
hnZKZv·mÀ krjvSn¡m³ Dt±in¡p¶Xv. Ckvemaà AhcpsS {]tNmZ\w; CkvemanI {]amW§fÃ
AhcpsS t{kmXÊv; Ckvemans\bpw apl½Zv \_n(k)sbbpw kvt\ln¡p¶hÀ¡v Ahsc \ymboIcn¡m\mInÃ;
AhÀ Bcmbncp¶mepw. |