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 tIcf¯nð
ss{IkvXh kphnti jIÀ At\Icpsï¦nepw Chcnð \nsóñmw ]e ImcW§ÄsImïv hyXykvX\mWv
_lpam\y\mb Xncp h«mÀ IrjvW³Ip«n. t]cv sImïpw {]tXyI ssiensImïpw hyXykvX
taJeIfnepÅ CSs]SðsImïpw ss{IkvXh anjWdnIfpsS A`nam\ amWv At±lw. s]´tImkvXv
kaql¯nsâ B[nImcnI i_vZamb dh.Fw.hn.Nmt¡m Xsâ BßmÀY kplr¯mb Xncph«mdns\ {]iwkn¨Xv
C§s\bmWv. ""t]cnð bmZhhwiPs\¦nepw {InkvXp hnizmk¯neqsS ssZh`h\¯nð
t]scgpXs¸«ncn¡pó Cu kXy{InkvXym\n¡v Xm³ hnizkn¡póXv ]dªv ^en¸n¡phm³ Gsd Ignhpïv.
{InkvXphnsâ Øm\]Xn FóXnepw D]cn ssZh`h\¯nse Hcp ImcyhnNmcI³ IqSnbmWt±lw''(1)
kz´w IpSpw_hIbmbpÅ A¼ehpw DÕh§fpw Hs¡bpÅ sslµh Xdhm«nð \nópw buh\¯nse Xsó At±lw
ss{IkvXh hnizmkw kzoIcn¨ncpóp. GsXmcp ]p¯³ {InkvXym\nsbbpw t]mse "]pXnb \nba¯nse
tbip' Fó tI{µ _nµphmWv IYm]pcpjs\bpw {InkvXpaX¯nte¡v BIÀjn¨Xv. tbiphns\Ipdn¨v
AÚcmb CXc aXØtcmSv kphntijw {]kwKn¡póXnð {i²bqónb At±lw H«pw sshImsX Nne
Xo{hsslµh kwLS\IfpsS lnävenkvänð Øm\w ]nSn¨p. CXv Xncph«mÀ IrjvW³Ip«nsbó
ss{IkvXh {]`mjIs\ aäpÅhsc¡mÄ P\{i²bmIÀjn¡phm³ ImcWambn¯oÀóp.
Xsâ kphntij {]hÀ¯\¯nsâ hn]peoIcW¯n\pthïn Ckvemans\ Ipdn¨v ]Tn¡phm\pw At±lw
kó²\mbn. apkvenwIsf shdp¸n¡phmt\m {]tIm]n¸n¡phmt\m Bt£]n¡phmt\m At±lw
B{Kln¨ñt{X. adn¨v ]cnip² IzpÀB³ D²cn¨v ap³ thZ{KÙsaó \nebnð apkvenwIsfñmw ss__nÄ
hnizkn¡phm³ \nÀ_ÔnXcmsWópw tbiphnsâ ZnhyXzw Ckvemansâ A[ym]\amsWópw tbiphnsâ
IpcnipacW \ntj[hmZw apl½Zv \_n(kz)¡v ]änb ]e A_²§fnð Hópam{XamsWópw ss{IkvXh
kvt\l¯neqsS AhXcn¸n¡pI am{Xambncpóp Xsâ e£ysaóv "\njvIf¦ambn' At±lw ]dbpóp.
Xncph«mdn\v C{]Imcsamcp AXntamlw P\n¡phm³ ImcWambXv ]cnip² IzpÀB\ntem apl½Zv
\_n(kz)bpsS A[ym]\§fntem At±lw \S¯nb Bgtadnb ]T\§fmbncpónñ, adn¨v aÀ¡kpð _nimd
Fó Ad_n \maapÅ Ckvemw hnaÀi\ {Kq¸v ]S¨phn« CkvemanI {]amW§fpsS
ZpÀhymJym\§fmbncpóp. Cu ImeL«s¯ Ipdn¨v ss{IkvXhþCkvemw kwhmZw Fó Xsâ amkväÀ ]okv
{KÙ¯nð At±lw kvacn¡póXn§s\bmWv. ""XnI¨pw BIkvanIambn«mWv Cu ]pkvXIw FgptXïn
hóXv. C¯csamcp ]pkvXIcN\bv¡v Dt±ianñmbncpóp. IzpÀB³ {]kvXmh\ A\pkcn¨v
]qÀÆthZ§fmb Xudm¯v, k_qÀ, Côoð Fónhsb AwKoIcn¡póhÀ Fó [mcWbnð apkvenwItfmSv
kulmÀZt¯mSncn¡WsaómWv Nn´n¨n«pÅXv. apkvenwIÄ FtómSpw kulrZw ImWn¨ncpóp.
{]tXyIn¨pw C´ybnð Ct¸mÄ ]oUn¸n¡s¸Spó \yq\]£§fnð s]«hcmb {InkvXym\nIfpw
apkvenwIfpw kulrZw ]peÀt¯ïXv Hcmhiyambnt« IcpXpópÅq. aÀ¡kpð _nimdbpsS
klIcWt¯mSpIqSn, IzpÀB³ hNÊpIÄ D²cn¨vsImïv Xsó, tIcf¯nð, ImbwIpfw, s]cp¼mhqÀ,
ae¸pdw, tIm«¸Sn, Icpfmbn XpS§nb ]e Øe¯pw Rm³ kphntijw {]kwKn¨n«pïv. ]e Øe¯pw
apkvenwIÄ kphntij {]kwK¯n\v R§sf A\pIqen¨ncpóp.''(2)
Xncph«mÀ IrjvW³Ip«nsbó "lnµpaXw apgph\mbn ]Tn¨ ]ÞnX³' Ct¸mÄ ]cnip² IzpÀB\pw
ka{Kambn ]cntim[n¨Xn\v tijw AhXcn¸n¡pó A´na \ne]mSnð A_²¯n\v sXñpw
km[yXbpïmhnsñó [mcW krjvSn¡phm³ Hcp thf Cu {]IS\¯n\v km[n¨ncn¡mw. tamsi {]hmNI\v
ssZhw \ðInb Xudm¯pw, ZmhoZv {]hmNI\v \ðIs¸« k_qdpw, tbip {]hmNI\v \ðIs¸« Côoepw
thZ{KÙ§fmsWópw AhbpsS DÅS¡s¯ kXys¸Sp¯n sImïmWv apl½Zv \_n(kz)¡v ]cnip² IzpÀB³
\ðIs¸«sXópamWv Ckvemansâ A[ym]\w. BbXn\mð, Cu ASnØm\ \ne]mSnð Dd¨v \nópthWw
thZ{KÙsaóv ap³ thZ¡mÀ AhImis¸Spó {KÙ§fpsS DÅS¡§sfbpw AXnsâ A\pbmbnIfpsS
hm¡pIsfbpw hnebncpt¯ïsXó ]cnip² IzpÀBsâ A[ym]\s¯ XInSw adn¡phm³ {ian¨ aÀ¡kpð
_nimd Fó kmlnXy anjWdn kwL¯nsâ \mhmbn amdpIbmbncpóp Adntªm, AdnbmsXtbm
_lpam\y\mb Xncph«mÀ. apl½Zv \_n(kz)bnð hnizkn¡póhsc, A±lw ]dª Xudm¯pw k_qdpw
Côoepw R§fpsS ]¡epÅ ss__nfmsWópw AXn\mð apl½Zv \_n(kz)tbmSpÅ \n§fpsS kvt\l¯nsâ
t]cnð R§fpsS ss__nÄ hnizkn¡pIbpw ss__nfn\v hncp²ambn ImWs¸Spó IzpÀB³ hN\§Ä¡v
ImcWw apl½Zv \_n(kz)bpsS I¨hSbm{XIfnð kndnbbnepÅ ss{IkvXh blqZ ]ÞnXòmcnð \nópw
t\Snb AdnhpIfnð kw`hn¨ hogvNIfmsWópsams¡ ]ckv]chncp²amb Bib§Ä X§fpsS kphntij
{]kwK§fnð ka\zbn¸n¨v Cu kwLw tIcf¡cbmsI Npän¡d§n. km[mcW¡mcmb apkvenwIsf
Bib¡pg¸¯nem¡m³ e£yan«v \S¯nb Cu {]hÀ¯\§Ä¡v ss{IkvXhcpsS CSbnepw kzoImcyX e`n¨p.
]cnip² IzpÀBs\ hyàambn ZpÀhymJm\n¨v apkvenwIsf ss{IkvXhhð¡cn¡phm\pÅ anjWdnamcpsS
Cu lo\amb {ias¯ hnthIt¯msS hnebncp¯nbhÀ hnjbs¯ A]{KYn¨v aptóm«v hóp. CkvemanI
{]t_m[\ {]hÀ¯\§Ä¡v ]p¯\pWÀhv ]IÀóv \ðIn, Htc kabw IzpÀBs\ ZpÀhymJym\n¡póXv Xpdóp
ImWn¡pIbpw ss__nfnsâ ssZhnIXsb hkvXp\njvTambn ]e am\ZÞ§fneqsS \ncq]Ww \S¯pIbpw
tbiphnsâ hm¡pIfpw {InkvXp aX¯nsâ ASnØm\ hnizmk§fpw X½nepÅ A´cw hyàam¡pIbpw
sNbvXpsImïv "\n¨v Hm^v {Sq¯v' Fó kwLw tIcf¡cbmsI XcwKw krjvSn¨p. kwhmZ§fpw
s]mXp]cn]mSnIfpw tNmtZym¯c§fpambn Htc kabw ss{IkvXh ]ÞnXòmtcmSpw km[mcW¡mtcmSpw
Bib hn\nabw kwLSn¸n¨v "\n¨v Hm^v {Sq¯v' _lpP\{i² t\SnsbSp¯p. \n¨nsâ {]hÀ¯IÀ
ss{IkvXh hoSphoSm´chpw ss__nÄ tImfPpIfpw Ibdnbnd§pIbpw apkvenwIfpsS CSbnð ]T\
Iym¼pIÄ kwLSn¸n¡pIbpw sNbvXtXmsS, X{´]qÀÆw clkyambn \Sóncpó ss{IkvXh {]t_m[\w
CkvemanI {]hÀ¯Icpambn Bib kwhmZw \S¯n Øm]nt¡ï A\nhmcyXbnð F¯nt¨Àóp. kuP\yambn
ss{IkvXhÀ hnXcWw sN¿pó ]pXnb \nbaw am{Xañ, bp²§fpw K\oa¯pw Pnkvbbpw _lp`mcyXzhpw
ASna k{¼Zmbhpw hnhmltamN\hpw Hs¡ \nbaambn A\phZn¨n«pÅ ]gb \nbahpw apkvenwIÄ
]cntim[n¡phm³ XpS§n. XnIª hnt[bXzw {]ISn¸n¡pó ss{IkvXhcpsS ap¼nð t]mepw
]ÞnXòmÀ¡v ]dªv ^en¸n¡phm³ km[n¡m¯ {XntbIXzw Fó aÀas¯ kw_Ôn¨v apkvenw ]£¯v \nóv
tNmZy§Ä hót¸mÄ ss{IkvXh ]£¯v \nóv ]ecpw bmYmÀYyw DÄsImïv IqSpamdm³ X¿mdmbn.
A]ISw a\Ênemsb¦nepw CXns\mcp adpacpóv X¿mdm¡phm³ IgnbmsX ss{IkvXh ]£w Hcp
c£I\mbn Im¯ncpóp. Cu ]cnXm]Icamb AhØbv¡v Xmð¡menI Bizmkambn Hcp ]pkvXIw {]Imi\w
sN¿s¸«p. ss{IkvXhþCkvemw kwhmZw; ss{IkvXh amÀK¯ns\XnscbpÅ Ckvemay I]ShmZ§Ä¡pÅ
adp]Sn; {KÙImc³ Xncph«mÀ IrjvW³Ip«n.
Cu {KÙ¯nsâ B\pImenI {]kàn F´msWóv {KÙImc³ Xsó hyàam¡pópïv. ""apkvenw
ktlmZc§tfmSv kulrZw ]peÀ¯WsaópÅ Xmð]cy¯nð Ahcnð NneÀ ss{IkvXhÀ¡v FXnsc Nne
Btcm]W§Ä Dóbn¨n«psï¦nepw C¯csamcp ]pkvXI cN\bv¡v apXnÀóncpónñ.
Fómð \n¨v Hm^v {Sq¯v Fó kwLS\bpw AXnsâ UbdIvSÀ Fw.Fw. AIv_dpw kao] kab¯p
ss{IkvXh hnizmk¯n\v B[mcamb hnip² ss__nfns\ Bt£]n¨pw, B {KÙ¯nsâ Hcp {]tab¯n³ tað
{]tXyIw AhImihmZapóbn¨pw, ss{IkvXhÀ AXv AwKoIcn¡m¯Xnsâ t]cnð Bt{Imin¨pw \S¯pó
{]kwK§Ä {i²n¨t¸mÄ AXnse AkXy{]kvXmh\IÄ¡v adp]Sn ]dbWsaóv tXmón...
GXmbmepw Cu kµÀ`¯nð \n¨v Hm^v {Sq¯nsâ Bt£]§Ä¡v adp]Sn FgpXphm³ Ahkcw e`yambXnð
hfsctbsd kt´mjw tXmón. asämcp {KÙ cN\bnð GÀs¸«ncpó Rm³ 700 t]PpIÄ FgpXn¡gnª B
{KÙ cN\ amänh¨n«v B\pImenI {][m\yw ]cnKWn¨v F{Xbpw s]s«óv FgpXnbXmWv Cu IrXn.
F¦nepw Cu {KÙ§fnse {]kvXmh\Isfñmw ZoÀLamb ]T\§Ä¡v tijw Isï¯nbXpw F\n¡v t\cn«v
t_m[yambn«pÅXpamb Imcy§fpw ASnØm\¯nð DÅhbpamWv.''(3)
\n¨v Hm^v {Sq¯v ]pd¯nd¡nb ss__nfnsâ ssZhnIX, hnaÀi\§Ä hkvXpXIÄ Fó {KÙ¯n\v
ss{IkvXh ]£¯v \nópÅ adp]SnbmWv {]kvXpX ]pkvXIsaóv ss{IkvXh ]ÞnX³amcpw
]n´m§pIbpïmbn. s]cp¼mhqcnð kwLSn¸n¨ kwhmZ¯nð C¡mcyw tPm¬k¬.kn.^nen¸v Xpdóp
]dbpópïv. Cu ]pkvXI¯n\v AhXmcnI FgpXnb dh.Fw.hn.Nmt¡m Bßhnizmk¯nsâ s\dpIbnð
\nópsImïv {KÙImcs\bpw {KÙs¯bpw ]pIgv¯nbXv C§s\bmWv.
""ktlmZc³ IrjvW³Ip«n XÀ¡imkv{X hnZKv[\msWóv R§Ä {]Jym]n¡póp. CkvemanI {KÙ§Ä
\ómbn ]Tn¨v ss__nÄ AXn\v t\sc h¨v Ckveman\v Hcp JÞ\w FgpXnbXv XnI¨pw
BkzmZyIcambncn¡póp. B[p\nI aWn{]hmf¯nð Fñm tNmZy§Ä¡pw D¯cw sImSp¯n«papïv. C\n
Hcp hmZw hen¨p \ot«ï Imcyanñ. Ckvemw AUzt¡äpIÄ¡v {InkvXob AUzt¡äv adp]Sn
\ðInbncn¡póp. At\zjW t_m[apÅhÀ ChnsS \nÀ¯psaóv hnizkn¡mw. ssZhhN\¯nsâ B[nImcnIX
Fs´óv kaÀ¸n¡phm³ ktlm. IrjvW³Ip«nbv¡v km[n¨n«pïv. Xm³ ssZh¯mð am\n¡s¸Spw XoÀ¨.
Ckvemw ss{IkvXh kwhmZw Fó Cu JÞ\IrXn Fñmw ss{IkvXhcpw hm§n hmbn¡Wsaóv Rm³ ip]mÀi
sN¿póp. apkvenw ktlmZc§fpw Zbhmbn hm§n hmbn¡Ww. CXn\v adp]Sn FgpXphmt\m
{]kwKn¡phmt\m Bsc¦nepw apXncpsaóv tXmópónñ. AYhm apXnÀómð _rl¯mb asämcp {KÙw
IqSn DïmIpw. AXn\v ss{IkvXh sFIyw X¿msdSp¯p Ignªp. Cu JÞ\ IrXn temI¯nse {]apJ
Fñm `mjIfnte¡pw hntijmð Ad_nbnte¡pw hnhÀ¯\w sN¿s¸Spw.''(4) C§s\ ss{IkvXh
hn`mK¯nsâ kÀhssk\ym[n]\mbn Xncph«mÀ Ahtcm[nX\mbn. XpSÀópw aqóne[nIw ]pkvXI§Ä
At±lw Cu hnjb¯nð cNn¡pIbpïmbn.
Npcp¡¯nð CkvemanI {]t_m[\w hnPb]Y¯nð kôcn¡póXnð AklnjvWp¡fmb ss{IkvXh anjWdnamÀ
AhcpsS sF¡¬ Bbn DbÀ¯nbXv Xncph«mÀ IrjvW³Ip«nsbó "[oct]mcmfn'sbbmWv. C§s\ Hcp
]Xnämïne[nIw ]cnip² IzpÀB\ns\bpw apl½Zv (kz)bpsS [mÀanIXsbbpw ss__nfns\
am\ZÞam¡n hnaÀin¨v tIcf¡cbmsI {]kwKn¨pw ]pkvXIw hnXcWw sNbvXpw tImemleapïm¡nb Cu
apXnÀó kphntijIs\ ImWphm³ R§Ä At±l¯nsâ ho«nð sNóp. R§fpsS Iq«¯nepf ]escbpw
ap³]cnNbw DÅXn\mð At±lhpw IpSpw_hpw R§sf lrZyambn kzoIcn¨p. Fgp¯nepw {]kwK¯nepw
{]tIm]\]camb `mj D]tbmKn¡pó At±lw ho«nse¯pó GXv hn`mK¡mtcmSpw kuay\mbn hnjb§Ä
NÀ¨sN¿pó {]IrX¡mc\mWv. Ipiemt\zjWhpw Nmb kð¡mchpw IgnªtXmsS R§Ä hó Dt±iyw At±ls¯
Adnbn¨p. Ckvemans\Xncmbn Xm¦Ä Dóbn¡pó hnaÀi\§sf kw_Ôn¨v Adnbphm\mWv R§Ä F¯nbsXó
BapJt¯msS R§Ä hnjb¯nte¡v ISóp.
R§Ä: kmdnsâ ]pkvXI§fnepw kmÀ AhXmcnI FgpXnb aäv ]pkvXI§fnepw {][m\ Ckvemw
hnaÀi\ambn ImWpóXv, apl½Zv (kz) sNbvX bp²§Ä, i{Xp¡fnð \nópw ]nSns¨Sp¯ sImÅapXð,
CkvemanI `cWIqSw A\yaXØcnð \nópw CuSm¡pó Pnkvb, _lp`mcyXzw, ASna kv{XoIfpambpw
bp²¯nð sImÅapXembn e`n¡pó kv{XoIfpambpÅ ssewKnI _Ôw, ]Ic¯n\v ]Icw Fó \nbaw
XpS§nbhbmWv. 2009ð ]pd¯nd§nb CkvemanI ZÀi\w: hnaÀi\§Ä hkvXpXIÄ Fó hnaÀi\ {KÙ¯n\v
Xm¦Ä FgpXnb AhXmcnIbnð C§s\ ImWmw
apl½Znsâ {IqcIÀa§fpsS hnfw_c§fmb bp²§fpw sImÅbpw sImebpw, s]s«óv kmbp[cmbn
B{Ian¡pI, {]mb]qÀ¯nbmb ]pcpjòmscsbñmw h[n¡pI. AhcpsS kz¯p¡Ä sImÅbSn¡pI,
CXmbncpóp {]hmNIsâ ]Xnhv. sImÅbSn¡s¸« kz¯p¡fpw XShpImcm¡s¸« kv{XoIsfbpw
]pcpjòmscbpw Aômbn hoXwh¨v Hcp Hmlcn apl½Zn\pw _m¡nbpÅh apkvenw ]SbmfnIÄ¡pw
B¡pI. apkvenw§sf bp² Xð]ccm¡nbXv sImÅ apXepw kv{XoIfpw BWv. (XmcnJpð Ckvemw,
t]Pv 398) ""kacmÀÖnX kz¯p¡Ä Añmlphn\pw Ahsâ ZqX\pw AhImis¸«XmWv.'' (IzpÀB³ 8:1)
ss__nfn\pw, AXp temI¯n\p kw`mh\ sN¿pó [mÀanIXbpw A[ymßnIXbpw Bbn Hcp
XmcXay¯n\pt]mepw km²yañm¯hn[w AXy´w A]ISImcnbmb IzpÀB\pw, ss{IkvXh [Àaimk\IÄ¡v
ASp¯p hcm³ t]mepw AÀlXbnñm¯ ]Tn¸n¡epw ssIapXembpÅ Ckvemansâ Bt£]§Ä¡v iàambn
adp]Sn \ðIphm\pÅ {]Xn_²Xbpambn aptóm«p hó Cu ktlmZc\v BßmÀYamb BiwkIÄ.''(5)
Ckvemans\ kw_Ôn¨v Cu {KÙImc³ hnaÀi\apóbn¡pó bp²§fpw, sImÅapXepw, AXnse ssZh¯nsâ
Hmlcnbpw, bp²¯n\v ]pds¸« i{Xp]pcpj³amsc h[n¡póXpw AhcpsS Ip«nIsfbpw kv{XoIsfbpw
XShpImcm¡póXpw, C§s\bpÅ XShpImcmb kv{XoIsf ASnaIfm¡n D]tbmKn¡póXpw XpS§nb Imcy§Ä
A[mÀanIXbpsS ]«nIbnð KWn¨vsImïmWv kmÀ Cu ]pkvXI¯n\v Biwk \ðInbn«pÅXv.
At±lw: AtX.
R§Ä: ]t£ R§Äs¡mcp kwibw. C§s\ \n§Ä hnaÀi\apóbn¡pó apgph³ \nba§fpw ss__nfnse ]gb
\nba¯nð hyàambn ImWpóhbmWtñm. At¸mÄ F§s\bmWv ss__nÄ [mÀanIsaópw AtX \nba§fpÅ
IzpÀB³ A[mÀanIsaópw Xm¦Ä hnebncp¯póXv? F´mWv Ch X½nepÅ hyXymkw.
At±lw: ss__nfnse ]gb \nbaw blqZ³amcpsS thZ{KÙamWv. {InkvXym\nIfmb R§fpsS thZ{KÙw
]pXnb \nbaamWv. R§fpsS ]pXnb \nba¯nð C{]ImcapÅ Imcy§sfmópw Cñ.
R§Ä: blqZ³amcpsS thZ{KÙw FóXvsImïv Xm¦Ä Dt±in¡póXv, Ipsdb[nIw blqZ³amÀ
XónjvS{]Imcw krjvSn¨ thZ{KÙamWv Xudm¯v Fó AÀY¯nð Añtñm. adn¨v ]cnip²\mb btlmh
Xsâ {]hmNI\mb tamsibneqsS \ðInb thZ{KÙamWv Xudm¯v AYhm \ymb{]amWw. CXns\bmWv
\n§Ä ]gb \nbaw Fóv ]dbpóXv. \n§Ä Ckvemans\Xnsc A[mÀanIXsbóv Btcm]n¡pó {]kvXpX
\nba§Ä apgph\pw Xudm¯nð hóncns¡, Ch tamibv¡v \ðInb btlmh A[mÀanI\mtWm? CXv P\§sf
]Tn¸n¨ tamsi A[mÀanI\mtWm? R§fpsS tNmZyw CXmWv.
At±lw: CsXmcp Ipg¸w ]nSn¨ tNmZyamWv. Fsâ ImgvN¸mSnð btlmh ]dbm¯ ]e Imcy§fpw
tamsi kzbw ]dªXmhm\mWv km[yX.
R§Ä: At¸mÄ ss__nÄ ssZhnI {KÙasñópw ssZhnI shfn]mSpIÄ tamsi {]hmNI³ XónjvS{]Imcw
amänsbópw hómð AXv KpcpXcw {]iv\w Xsóbtñ?
At±lw: AtX, AXv Hcp {]iv\w XsóbmWv.
R§Ä: tamsibpw, tijw tbmiphbpw btlmhbpsS Ið]\{]Imcw bp²w sNbvXpshóv ss__nfnð
hyàambn ]dªn«pïv. Hcn¡ð tbmiph bp²¯nð \nóv ]n´ncntªmSnbhsc ]n´pSÀóv sImópshópw
]nsóbpw c£s¸Sphm³ {ian¨hsc btlmh BImi¯p\nóv Iñpag s]¿n¨v sImópshópw ]gb \nba¯nð
]dbpóp. ChnsS tbmiph sImóXns\¡mÄ A[nIw BfpIsf btlmh sImópshópw
hyàam¡nbncn¡póp.(6)
am{Xañ, ss__nÄ Ncn{X hnhcW{]Imcw [mcmfw `mcyamcpw sh¸m«namcpw Dïmbncpó ZmhoZv
{]hmNI³ Xsâ `rXy\pw GI`mcy\pambncpó Ducnbmhnsâ `mcybpambn hy`nNcn¨Xmbn
FgpXnbn«pïv. Cu hnjb¯nð ZmhoZv {]hmNIs\ hnaÀin¡póXn\mbn \mYm³ Fó asämcp {]hmNIs\
btlmh \ntbmKn¡pópïv. Cu kµÀ`¯nð \mYm³ {]hmNI³ ]cnip²mßmhv \ndªh\mbn btlmh¡v thïn
]dªXv C§s\bmWv.
""\nsâ bPam\sâ `h\s¯bpw Ahsâ `mcyamscbpw Rm³ \n\¡v Xóp. bn{ktbð `h\s¯bpw blqZ
`h\s¯bpw Rm³ \n\¡v Xóp. CsXñmw Xosc Ipdsh¦nð Rm³ \n\¡v CXne[nIhpw
\ðIpambncpóp.''(7) ]ns¶´n\mWv \o Ducnbmhnt\mSv C§s\ {]hÀ¯n¨sXóv btlmh tNmZn¡póp.
sbcpiteanepw blqZybnð sh¨pw ZmhoZn\v [mcmfw `mcyamscbpw Zmknamscbpw \ðInbXv(8)
btlmhbmsWópw am{Xañ ZmhoZv B{Kln¨ncpsó¦nð btlmh C\nbpw [mcmfw kv{XoIsf
\ðIpambncpópshópw ]dbpóp. ChnsS ZmhoZv _lp`mcyXztam ASna kv{XoIfpambn _Ôw
]peÀ¯nbXns\tbm btlmh At±ls¯ Ipä¡mc\m¡pónñ. adn¨v hy`nNmcs¯bmWv hnaÀin¨Xv.
C§s\ sImebpw sImÅapXepw ASnakv{XoIfpw Hs¡ A\phZ\obam¡nb btlmh [mÀanI\msWóv Fñm
ss{IkvXhcpw hnizkn¡pópïtñm?
At±lw: ""\n§fpsS tNmZyw F\n¡v a\knembn. Fómð Rm³ Ct¸mÄ btlmhbpw tamsibpsams¡
[mÀanIcmsWóv ]dªmð, kz`mhnIambpw Añmlphpw apl½Zpw IqSn [mÀanIcmsWóv Rm³ k½Xnt¡ïn
hcpw. ImcWw AhÀ (Añmlphpw apl½Zpw) sNbvXXnt\¡mÄ F{Xtbm Cc«n CtX Imcyw btlmh
sN¿n¸n¨n«psïóv F\n¡dnbmw. Fsâ ImgvN¸mSnð ]et¸mgpw btlmhbpsS A[ym]\§fpw tbiphnsâ
A[ym]\§fpw X½nð hnebncp¯pt¼mÄ, btlmh [mÀanI\msWóv ]dbphm³ F\n¡v km[yañ.
btlmhbpsS A[ym]\§fnð [mcmfw {]iv\§fpïv.''
At±l¯nsâ Cu adp]SntI«v R§Ä sR«n. {kjvSmhmb ssZh¯nsâ [mÀanIX ]cntim[n¡pó
a\pjyt\m? Cu kwibw Hcp tNmZyambn R§fnð \nópw ]pdt¯¡v hóp.
R§Ä: kmÀ, ]cnip²\mb Rm³, a\pjysc ip²oIcn¡póXn\v thïn \ðIpó \nbasaóv btlmh
Xudm¯ns\ hntijn¸n¡pt¼mÄ,(9) \nÊmc\mb Hcp hnizmkn CXnsâ t]cnð ssZh¯nsâ [mÀanIX
]cntim[n¡m³ X¿mdmImtam?
At±lw: Rm³ hnizkn¡póXv ]pXnb \nba¯nse tbiphns\bmWv. tbiphnsâ A[ym]\w sh¨v
btlmhsbbpw tamsisbbpw Añmlphns\bpw apl½Zns\bpw Hs¡ hnebncp¯pt¼mÄ A[mÀanIsctó
F\n¡v ]dbphm³ km[n¡pIbpÅq.
R§Ä: Hcp {InkvXym\n C§s\ btlmhsb¡pdn¨v ]dbpóXv icnbmtWm? Cu Imcyw kmÀ F´psImïmWv
ss{IkvXhtcmSv ]dbmXncpóXv?
At±lw: CXv ]dªmð ss{IkvXhÀ Fsó AwKoIcn¡pIbnñ. F¦nepw F\n¡v ]gb \nbat¯mSv
Xmð]cyansñóv Fsó AdnbpóhÀs¡ñmw AdnhpÅXmWv. CXv Rm³ Xpdóv FgpXnbn«nñ FtóbpÅp.
R§Ä: At¸mÄ [mÀanI\mbn tbiphns\ am{Xta Xm¦Ä ImWpópÅp.
At±lw: AtX.
R§Ä: F¦nð Hcp tNmZyw. tbip [mÀanIs\ópw btlmh A[mÀanIs\ópw Xm¦Ä ]dªtñm. At¸mÄ
bYmÀY¯nð btlmhbpw tbiphpw HómsWóv kmÀ hnizkn¡póntñ?
At±lhpw IpSpw_hpw Hcp \nanjt¯¡v kvX_v[cmbn Ccpópt]mbn. F´v adp]Sn ]dbWsaódnbmsX,
C\n Fs´¦nepw ]dªmð tijw hcpó tNmZy§Ä Duln¨v Að] kabw. ]nóoSv cïpw Ið]n¨v At±lw
adp]Sn ]dªp.
At±lw: CsXmcp henb {]iv\amWv. Nnet¸mÄ C§s\sbmcp Imcyw ss{IkvXhÀ Nn´n¨n«vt]mepw
DïmhpIbnñ. tbiphpw btlmhbpw HómsWóv Rm³ hnizkn¡pónñ. ImcWw tbiphpw btlmhbpw
AhcpsS A[ym]\§ÄsImïv hfscb[nIw hyXykvXcmWv. F\n¡v Hcn¡epw btlmhsb ]cn]qÀWambn
DÄsImÅm³ IgnbpIbnñ. Rm³ ]Tn¨Xpw kvt\ln¨Xpw {]kwKn¨Xpsañmw ]pXnb \nba¯nse
tbiphns\bmWv.
Xm³ Dóbn¨ CkvemanI hnaÀi\§Ä ]n³hen¡mXncn¡m³ kz´w aXhnizmk¯nsâ ASnØm\§ÄXsó
\ntj[n¡ï KXntISnte¡v Xncph«mÀ F¯nt¨Àóp. ss{IkvXhtKmf¯nð At±l¯n\pÅ Øm\w Adnbpó
BÀ¡pw BÝcyw Dfhm¡pó adp]SnIfmWv At±l¯nð \nópw DïmbXv. Cu NÀ¨bv¡v tijw A[nIw
XmaknbmsX hoïpw hcpsaóv ]dªv R§Ä ]ncnªp. HcmgvNbv¡Iw R§Ä Hcn¡ðIqSn At±l¯nsâ
ho«nð sNóp. aWn¡qdpIÄ \oïp \nó Ipiemt\zjW§Ä R§Ä \S¯n. At±l¯nsâ _meyw, buÆ\w,
{InkvXpaX kzoIcWw, Xsâ {]`mjW ]cyS\§Ä, Xsâ kulrZ§Ä, Xm³ cNn¨ aäv ]pkvXI§Ä,
ss{IkvXhcnse Ahm´c hn`mK§sf¡pdn¨v... A§s\ ]eXpw. am{Xañ, ]¯v hÀjw ap¼v, R§Ä
At±lhpambn kwkmcn¡m³ CtX ho«nð hóXpw Aóv At±lw [cn¨ncpó hkv{Xs¯¡pdn¨pw R§Ä
\nóncpó Øes¯¡pdn¨pw Hs¡ At±lw IrXyambn R§sf HmÀan¸n¨p. C§s\ XnI¨pw kulmÀZ]cambn
Xsó R§Ä hnjb¯nte¡v ISóp. Ignª Znhkw kwkmcn¨t¸mÄ, btlmh [mÀanI\msW¦nð Añmlphpw
apl½Zpw [mÀanIÀ XsóbmsWópw, btlmh [mÀanI\msWóv Xm¦Ä hnizkn¡pónsñóv ]dªXpw,
tbiphpw btlmhbpw XnI¨pw cïmsWóv ]dªXpw Hs¡ R§Ä hoïpw BhÀ¯n¨v tNmZn¨p. At¸mgpw B
\ne]mSpIfnð At±lw Dd¨v \nóp.
At±lw: btlmhbpsS ]Tn¸n¡epIfnð \nóv ]pXnb \nba¯nse tbiphnsâ ]Tn¸n¡epIÄ¡v
hyXymkhpapïv. btlmhbpsS {]hÀ¯\§sf ]pXnb \nba {KÙ§fpsS ImgvN]mSpsImïv AwKoIcn¡m³
Ignbnñ. AXpsImïmWv Rm³ {InkvXym\nIÄ ]dbpóXns\ AwKoIcn¡m¯Xv.
R§Ä: "Rm\mIpóh³ Rm\mIpóp'(10)shópw "Rm\ñmsX asämcp ssZhw Csñ'(11)ópw "Rm³ AñmsX
asämcp ssZhw \n\¡pïmIcpsXópw'(12) btlmh ]Tn¸n¡pt¼mÄ, Cu Rm³ Fó GIhN\¯nð ]dbpó
btlmhbnð tbiphpw DÄs¸«Xmbn kmÀ hnizkn¡póptïm?
At±lw: ]pXnb \nba¯nse {KÙ§Ä sh¨v t\m¡pt¼mÄ tbiphpw btlmhbpw HómsWóv ]dbphm³
Ignbnñ.
R§Ä: kmÀ Ct¸mÄ GXmWv hnizkn¡póXv?
At±lw: XÀ¡imkv{X]cambn Nn´n¡pt¼mÄ ChnsS Að]w _p²nap«pïv.
R§Ä: Ckvemapw {InkvXpaXhpw X½nepÅ {][m\ hyXymkw bp²hpw s]®pañ, adn¨v GIssZh
hnizmkamWv. BImi`qanIfpsS {kjvSmhmb ssZhw tbiphmsWóv ap³Ime {]hmNI³amtcm
thZ{KÙ§tfm km£mð tbip t]meptam ]Tn¸n¨n«nñ. C¡mcyw XsóbmWv IzpÀB\pw ]dbpóXv. Cóv
ss{IkvXhÀ tbiphns\ hnfn¨v {]mÀYn¡pIbpw R§fpsS Cu {]mÀY\ sNóp tNcpóXv A{_lmsams¡
Bcm[n¨ AtX btlmhbnte¡msWópw BbXn\mð R§Ä _lpssZhhnizmknIfsñópamWv hmZn¡póXv.
ss{IkvXhcpsS Cu hmZw sXämsWómWvv IzpÀB³ {]Jym]n¨Xv.(13)
At±lw: tbip almssZhamsWóv ]utemkv ]Tn¸n¡pópïv.(14) Fómð Nne Øe§fnð CXnt\mSv
tbmPn¡m¯hbpapïv.
R§Ä: F¦nð F´v sN¿Ww?
At±lw: Cu kabw \½Ä \ymbhmZw \S¯n GsX¦nepsamóv kzoIcn¡Ww.
R§Ä: ss{IkvXh hnizmk{]Imcw Fsóópw \ne\nóncpó, \ne\nð¡pó tbipshó btlmhbpsS apgph³
{]hÀ¯\§fpw [mÀanIXbpsS hnjb¯nð ]cntim[n¡msX, `qanbnð Pohn¨ ap¸¯naqóv hÀjw am{Xw
hnebncp¯póXv \oXnbmtWm? R§Ä Xncph«mÀ kmdns\ ImWpóXv, ss{IkvXhcpsS Hcp B[nImcnI
hàmhmbn«mWv. AXpsImïv kmdnsâ \ne]mSpIÄ¡v hfscb[nIw {]kànbpïv.
At±lw: btlmh Fó \nebnð tbiphns\¡pdn¨v ss{IkvXhÀ hnizkn¡psa¦nepw btlmhbpsS ]e
{]hÀ¯\§fpw tbiphnsâ A[ym]\hpambn tbmPn¡pónñ.
R§Ä: {][m\ambXv GXmWv?
At±lw: btlmh sIme sNbvX Imcyw.
R§Ä: F¦nð ss{IkvXh hnizmk{]Imcw tbip{InkvXphmWtñm \ymbhn[n \S¯póXv. A§s\ Xsâ
hN\{]Imcw tbip \ymbhn[n \S¯nbmð kmdnsâ ImgvN]mSnð Gähpw henb ]m]nbmbn btlmh
ap{ZIp¯s¸Spatñm? bYmÀY¯nð Chsbms¡ a\Ênem¡nbXnð \n§Ä¡v sXäv kw`hn¨p FómWv R§Ä¡v
]dbphm\pÅXv. \ymb{]amW¯nð ]dªncn¡pó bp²§tftbm, h[in£sbtbm Hópw tbip d±p
sNbvX«nñ. t\sc adn¨v \ymb{]amWw Xsó sImesN¿cpsXóv Ið]n¨ km[mcW P\§tfmSmWv
tIm]n¡cpsXóv tbip D]tZin¨Xv.(14) Cu D]tZi§Ä sImïv \ymb{]amW¯nse Hcp in£m\S]Snbpw
d±m¡pónñ. \n§Ä tbiphnsâ hnjb¯nð AXncpIhnªv Nn´n¨Xv aqeamWv btlmhbpsSbpw
Añmlphnsâbpw \nba§sf¡pdn¨v a\knem¡m³ IgnbmsX t]mbXv.
Npcp¡¯nð, ssZhnI \nbas¯ kw_Ôn¨pÅ ]T\¯nð \n§Ä¡v kw`hn¨ hogvNIfmWv Cu Btcm]W§Ä¡v
ImcWambXv. a\pjysc ip²oIcn¡m³ btlmh \ðInb \ymb{]amWhpambn hfscb[nIw kmayapÅXmWv
IzpÀB\nse \nba§Ä. At¸mÄ Cu hnaÀi\§Ä C\nbpw \ne\nð¡ptam?
At±lw: Cñ, AXv hnip²amsW¦nð CXpw (IzpÀB\pw) hnip²amWv.
R§Ä: F¦nð kmÀ Ct¸mÄ cïpw hnip²amsWóv ]dbpIbmtWm? btlmh hnip²saóv ]dbpó \nba§Ä
Aip²amsWóv ]dbm³ \ap¡v ]mSnñtñm?
At±lw: btlmhbpsS hm¡pIÄ hnaÀi\§Ä¡v hnt[bamWv.
R§Ä: btlmhsb a\pjy\v hnaÀin¡mtam? At¸mÄ kmÀ Ch cïpw A[mÀanIamsWómtWm ]dbpóXv?
At±lw: AsX cïpw hnip²añ.
R§Ä: bp²w sNbvXXnsâ t]cnð apl½Zv Ipä¡mcs\¦nð AtX Ipäw btlmhbpw sNbvXn«ntñ?
At±lw: Dïv. btlmh [mcmfw t]sc sImón«pïv. Genbmhpw tamsibpw tbmiphbpw sImón«pïv.
apl½Zpw sImón«pïv. Fómð tbip am{Xw Bscbpw sImón«nñ.
R§Ä: At¸mÄ btlmhbpw tbiphpw HcÀY¯nepw Hóñ FómtWm ]dbpóXv? tbiphpw btlmhbpw
HómsWóv ]dªmð, tbiphpw sImón«psïóv hcntñ?
At±lw: AsX. tbip, btlmhbmsWóv hnizkn¨mð tbiphpw sImón«psïóv ]dtbïnhcpw.
AXpsImïmWv Rm³ ]dbpóXv ss__nfnð ]ebnS¯pw sshcp[yapïv. Asñ¦nepw ]gb\nba¯nse ]eXpw
Rm³ hnizkn¡pónñ. {InkvXym\nbmbncns¡ Xsó Rm³ ss__nfnse ]eXns\bpw hnizkn¡pónñ.
tbiphns\ AwKoIcn¡póXpt]mse btlmhsb AwKoIcn¡m³ ]änñ. tbip{InkvXphnsâ ho£W¯nð
btlmh sNbvXXv sXämWv. C¡mcW¯mð btlmhbpw tbip{InkvXphpw HómsWóv ]dbm³ Rm³ kó²\ñ.
R§Ä: At¸mÄ kmÀ hnizkn¡póXv ]pXnb ssZhs¯bmtWm? 2000 sImñw ap¼v adnb¡v P\n¨
IpªmtWm kmdnsâ ssZhw? A{_lmansâbpw bnkvlm¡nsâbpw bmt¡m_nsâbpw ssZhamb btlmhbnð
kmÀ hnizkn¡póptïm?
At±lw: Dïv.
R§Ä: AXv btlmhbtñ? B ssZhw A[mÀanI\msWópw tbip A§s\bsñópw kmÀ ]dªtñm?
At±lw: Rm³ ap¼v ]dªtñm, ss__nfnð Ipsd sshcp[ymßI ]Tn¸n¡epIÄ Dïv. tbip
almssZhamsWóv Nne Øe§fnð ]dbpópïv. AtXkabw tbiphpw btlmhbpw HómsWóv ]dªmð, \n§Ä
]dbpóXpt]mepÅ {]iv\§fpïmIpw. AXpsImïv Rm³ s]mXpsh tbiphpw btlmhbpw HómsWóv
]dbmdnñ.
R§Ä: kmÀ Ckvemans\ hnaÀin¨v {KÙ§Ä FgpXnbt¸mÄ Añmlphnsâ [mÀanIX, \½psS btlmhbpsS
[mÀanIXt]mse hnIeamsWóv F´vsImïv FgpXnbnñ? Xm¦fpsS a\ÊnepÅXpt]mse Chsc Fñmhscbpw
hnaÀin¨ncpsó¦nð, Xm¦fpsS `qanI ss{IkvXhX Añmsbóv Ffp¸¯nð Xncn¨dnbs¸SpsaóXn\mð
Xm¦Ä D]tbmKn¨ X{´ambncpóntñ Cu coXnbnepÅ hnaÀi\§Ä?
At±lw: Rm³ ]et¸mgpw bpànhmZnIÄ¡v H¸amWv. AñmsX ss__nÄ{]Imcw C§s\ hnaÀin¡m³
Ignbnñ. Rm³ btlmhsbbpw tamsisbbpw hnaÀin¡mdpïv; FgpXnbn«nñmsbtóbpÅp. C\n FgpXn
IqSmbvIbnñ. Rm³ hnizkn¡póXv tbiphns\ am{XamWv. "Rm³Xsó hgnbpw kXyhpw
Poh\pamIpóp. FóneqsS AñmsX Bcpw ]nXmhnsâ kón[nbnð F¯pónñ', Fóv tbip ]Tn¸n¨n«pïv.
F\n¡Xp aXn.
R§Ä: Xm¦Ä Añmlphpw apl½Zv \_n(kz)bpw A[mÀanIcmsWópw Chtc¡mÄ t{ijvT\mWv tbipshópw
hnizkn¨p. Fómð At±lw ImWn¨pXó hgnbneqsS kôcn¨v F¯nt¨cpóXv, Añmlphpw apl½Zv
\_n(kz)bpw sNbvXpshóv Xm¦Ä Btcm]n¡pó Ipä§sfñmw ]Xn³aS§v sNbvX tbiphnsâ ]nXmhmb
btlmhbnte¡msW¦nð, Cu bm{X h³]cmPbatñ? \ñh\mb tbip, A[mÀanI\mb btlmhbnte¡mWv
\bn¡pósX¦nð Cu Nqïn¡mWn¡pó hyànbpw Ipg¸¡mc\tñ?
At±lw: F\n¡v tbip hgn FhnsS F¯psaóv Adntbï, adn¨v tbiphneqsS t]mbmð aXn.
R§Ä: Xm¦Ä tbip hgn F¯nt¨cpó e£ys¯ shdp¡pópsh¦nð, F´n\v C§s\ tbiphns\m¸w bm{X
sN¿Ww?
C§s\ ss{IkvXhhnizmk§sf DgpXpadn¨v ]e adp]SnIfpw Xncph«mÀ ]dbpIbpïmbn. tijw R§Ä
Hcp aWn¡qtdmfw Ckvemans\ At±l¯nsâ ap¼nð AhXcn¸n¨p. Htc kabw btlmhsbbpw
tamsisbbpw aäv {]hmNI³amscbpw tbiphns\bpw apl½Zv \_n(kz)sbbpw kvt\ln¡phm\pw
Ahscsbñmw [mÀanIXbpsS am\ZÞambn kzoIcnt¡ïXnsâ BhiyIXsb¡pdn¨pw AXn\pÅ GI amÀKw
apl½Zv \_n(kz)bpsS {]hmNIXzw AwKoIcn¡póXneqsS am{Xta km[yamIpIbpÅpshópw R§Ä
hnhcn¨p. {i²tbmsSbpw BImw£tbmsSbpw At±lw tI«ncpóp. CSbv¡v R§Ä ]ncnbm³
{ians¨¦nepw ]nsóbpw At±l¯nsâ \nÀ_Ô¯n\v hg§n AcaWn¡qÀ IqSn R§Ä kwkmcn¨ncpóp.
ss{IkvXh `qanIbnð \nóv sImïv Xm¦fpóbn¨ CkvemanI hnaÀi\§sfms¡ ]n³hen¨ncn¡póp Fó
hmÀ¯ ss{IkvXhscbpw apkvenwIsfbpw [cn¸n¡póXnð R§Ä {]XnÚm_²cmsWópw AXnð R§tfmSv
hyàn hntZzjw tXmócpsXópw A`yÀYn¨v R§Ä ]Snbnd§n.
Cu \Só \mecaWn¡qÀ NÀ¨, At±l¯nsâ AdnthmsS Xsó R§Ä sdt¡mÀUv sNbvXncpóp. GXm\pw
Znhk§Ä¡v tijw hoïpw R§Ä B ho«nð F¯n. Fómð Aóv ]ncnªXn\v tijw Xncph«mÀ kmÀ hfsc
hnja¯nemIpIbpw R§fpsS tNmZy§Ä¡v adp]Sn ]dbm³ Ignbpónñtñm Fóv BhemXns¸SpIbpw
hoïpw hcpt¼mÄ F´v adp]Sn \ðIpsaópw BtemNn¨v AkzØX {]ISn¸n¨Xmbpw At±l¯nsâ aI\nð
\nóv Adnªp. AXn\mð C\n C§s\ Hcp NÀ¨bv¡v km[yXbnsñóv AhÀ hyàam¡n. AhcpsS
A\phmZt¯msS At±l¯nsâ apdnbnð {]thin¡pIbpw tcmKhnhcw BcmbpIbpw R§Ä Hmtcmcp¯cpw
At±l¯n\v lkvXZm\w sNbvXv ]ncnbpIbpw sNbvXp. tijw aIt\mSv, Xncph«mÀ kmdnsâ
{]hÀ¯\§Ä ]ckyambn \S¯s¸« CkvemanI hnaÀi\§fmbXpsImïv Cu NÀ¨bpw ]pdwtemIs¯ R§Ä
Adnbn¡póXnð hyàn hntcm[w tXmócpsXóv A`yÀYn¨v kvt\lt¯msS R§Ä bm{X ]dªp.
Ref:
1. ss{IkvXh Ckvemw kwhmZw: Xncph«mÀ IrjvW³Ip«n, ]pdw: 19
2. Ibid
12
3. Ibid
12,13
4. Ibid
19
5. CkvemanI ZÀi\w: hnaÀi\§Ä hkvXpXIÄ ]pdw: 9
6. tbmiph 10:9þ11
7. 2 imapthð 12:8,9
8. 5:13þ16, 2 imap :3:2þ4
9. tehy 20:7
10. ]pd¸mSv 3:14
11. sbi¿mhv 43:11
12. ]pd¸mSv 20:3
13. IzpÀB³ 5:17
14. Xot¯mkv 2:12
15. a¯mbn 5:21
(Ahkm\n¡pónñ)
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teJ\§Ä: |
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]utcmlnXy¯nsâ shfp¯ ]pI I¯n¡póhcpw Im¯ncn¡póhcpw |
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Dd¡hpw acWhpw |
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hn{Klmcm[\bpw Ckvemansâ \ne]mSpw |
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